10/31/12, Boise State University, Dept of Geosciences, Hydrologic Sciences, Jim McNamara Research Director, Pam Aishlin Data Management Data provided herein is for the Lower Deer Point weather station (LDP) of Dry Creek Experimental Watershed, Boise, Idaho. DATA STREAM: 1. Measurement site was installed by Boise State University (Student Aurele LaMontagne) of Boise, Idaho, 2007 with data collection initiated June 13, 2007. Data collection and site maintenance is provided by Boise State University Hydrologic Sciences. Instrumentation installed provides measurement of air temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, radiation flux and shielded precipitation. See data instrumentation notes for additional met sensor data available upon request. Soil moisture sensors, thermocouples and heat flux plates are installed adjacent to the weather station tower. 2. Data files collected via Campbell Scientific datalogger are telemetered and compiled. This is level 0, raw data. CUAHSI HIS standards, 0 = raw data, 1 = Quality controlled data that have passed quality assurance procedures such as routine estimation of timing and sensor calibration or visual inspection and removal of obvious errors, 2 = Derived products that require scientific and technical interpretation and may include multiple-sensor data. An example is basin average precipitation derived from rain gages using an interpolation procedure. 3. Selected hourly timeseries are quality checked and post processed for gapfilling, noise filtering and/or corrected according to established instrument calibrations. For weather data, the timeseries provided herein are shielded gage precipitation (ridge gage site), air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, windspeed, wind direction and snowdept. See our soil measurement data directory for soil data provided. Four-component solar radiation is also availble as a separate data product. 4. Data as collected and provided is, by protocol in mountain standard time, year-round. SITE NOTES: As the third weather station established in Dry Creek Experimental Watershed, this site is officially named “Lower Deer Point” weather station (LDP). Instrumentation with corresponding data series provides measurement of air temperature, relative humidity, snow depth, precipitation (shielded alter gage), wind speed and wind direction, soil temperature, soil moisture and soil heat flux. Additional sensors installed include a second shielded rain gage, fall 2011 (Dave Eirikkson, Pam Aishlin), on the adjacent east-facing hillslope and a four component shortwave/ longwave radiometer (graduate student Pat Kormos, sup. Jim McNamara) summer 2012. Site telemetry, maintenance and data analysis-management is conducted by Pam Aishlin. LDP is located on the northern ridge line of DCEW in the Con1West headwater catchment wherein stream flow is seasonal. At 1843 m elevation, LDP is located above the rain-snow transition zone for winter precipitation on the Boise Front. Water years 2008-2011 averaged 762 mm precipitation at LDP, range 667 to 907 mm, with snowpack generally one meter deep or less, December through April. Soil at the site is sandy loam, zero to one meter depth above fractured crystalline bedrock. Vegetation includes minor low profile grass and forbs, broad thickets of ceanothus , sparse Ponderosa pine and Douglas fir on the ridge top, in contrast with thicker forest vegetation, including tall stands of deciduous shrubs, Douglas fir and Ponderosa pine, on the east facing slope. DATA/INSTRUMENT NOTES: AIR TEMPERATURE - Operational at initial installation. RH-Air temperature meaurement is conducted with RH-T sensors, Campbell Scientific CS215. REsolution is inferred as 0.1 C. Data provided is quality control level 1 (CUAHSI HIS standards as noted above), hourly average values BAROMETRIC PRESSURE - sensor installed October 5, 2007, Campbell Scientific CS105 by Vaisala. Range 600mb-1060 mb, total accuracy varies with temperature, calibration uncertainty-inaccuracyat 14000 mb is +/- 0.15 mb at 20 celsius. REsolution is inferred as .01 mb. Data provided is quality control level 1,instantaneous hourly values PRECIPITATION - Cumulative precipitation by Belfort weighing bucket gages, installed 2 meters or higher above ground surface, equipped with alter-type rain gage shields. The first rain gage emplaced at this location is located on the ridge top adjacent to the weather station; it is this station for which data is presented in these web files. A second rain gage was installed fall 2008 on the adjacent east-facing hillslope; this second rain gage typically collects more pcp than the ridge top gage. Data for this second rain gage is available by request. Collection orifice is 8 in (20.3 cm). Catch capacity is 12 inches. Precision is 0.1% of full scale, while accuracy is 0.5% of full scale. Ridgetop precipitation gage operational from Oct 7, 2007. Hillslope raingage installed and operational Nov 17, 2008. Rain gages originally measured in inches, converted to mm. Rain gages recalibrated Nov 17, 2009 to output values in mm instantaneous hourly values. Raw data is processed for noise removal and output as cumulative precipitation. Gap-filled data provided is quality control level 2, compiled yearly and available upon request. RELATIVE HUMIDITY - Operational at initial installation. RH-Air temperature meaurement is conducted with RH-T sensors, Campbell Scientific CS215, range 0-100% RH. Accuracy at 20 C is +/-2% 10 to 90% RH, +/-4% 0-100% RH. Resolution is inferred as 0.01. Data provided is quality control level 1, hourly average values. SNOW DEPTH - Judd snow depth sensor. Accuracy is +/- 1 cm or 0.4% distance to target (0.8 cm or less at LDP). Due to instrument error, snow depth data begins November 2009. Snow depth data presented has been processed (or is processed at the end of each calendar year) for noise removal, wherein obvious erroneous output values are replaced with -6999. Data provided is quality control level 2, instantaneous hourly values, data resolution inferred as 0.01 cm. Alternately processed snowdepth data that involves smoothing is available upon request. SOLAR/RADIATION - 1) PYRANOMETER: Initial installation included incoming solar radiation measurement via solar pyranometer, Campbell Sci-Kipp and Zonen CMP3; silicon photovoltaic cell with spectral response 0.305 to 2.8 microns, accuracy +/-5%. REMOVED 2015 or later. 2) NET: In 2007, a net radiometer was installed with data available since 1/31/2007. Net radiometer, NR-Lite, Campbell Sci-Kipp and Zonen; for which model NR-LITE measures incoming-downward direct and diffuse solar radiation plus long wave irradiance, as well as outgoing- upward reflected solar radiation and long-wave. The data output for this net radiometer is net (total) radiation. This instrument employs a thermopile with teflon coating and is less accurate than traditional pyranometers. It is also subject to wind-related error. Spectral response is 0.2 to 100 microns. REMOVED 2015 or later. 3) 4 COMPONENT: a 4 component Hukseflux net radiometer was installed June 22, 2012. This sensor includes pyanometers, downward and upward facing, to measure short wave radiation, as well as pyrgeometers to measure far infrared radiation. Spectral response is 0.305 to 2.8 microns and 4.5 to 50 microns, accuracy +/-10% for daily totals. Data provided by these sensors is output in Watts per square meter with .01 precision inferred. . All solar data is provided at quality control level 1, although some noise/error may remain in this data as provided herein. Instantaneous hourly values with .01 precision inferred. WIND - raw units mph from installation to fall 2016. Operational at initial installation. 3001 RM Young Wind Sentry anemometer-wind vane windset, Campbell Scientific. Range is 0 - 112 mph, 50 m/s. +/- 0.5 m/s, 1.1 mph; 355 degrees direction available, +/- 5 degrees. Threshold 0.8 m/s, 1.8 mph at 10 degrees displacement. Precision is inferred as 0.1 m/s, 0.1 degrees. Data is provided at quality control level 1, instantaneous hourly values for wind speed and direction. 2016-Due to partial sensor failure (direction inversion) a second windset, Metone, is added. . . SOIL MOISTURE, TEMPERATURE - Below ground sensors installed at LDP include 2 Campbell Scientific CS616 Water Content Reflectometer, 3 thermocouples and 2 heat flux plates, buried at 8 cm depth. These are located adjacent to the weather station tower, east and west of tower. Heat flux value accuracy is <+/-5% for range +/- 100 W/m2, inferred precision .01 W/m2. Thermocouple accuracy is <+/- 0.2 C, inferred precision 0.1 C. Data is provided at quality control level 1,instantaneous hourly values. ANNUAL ERRORS/GAPS/UPDATES: 2007- Weather Station is purchased by Dr. Jim McNamara, research group. Constructed, programmed and installed by graduate student Aurele Montagne. cr10x logger and sensors as outlined above. Datastream officially initiated 10/1/2007 with some problems occurring until 10/5/2007. Minor gaps late Dec due to power issues. 2008- Hillslope raingage installed, in addition to existing ridge rain gage, 11/17/2008. Sporadic data gaps occur Jan 7 through mid Feb. 2009- Data gaps 1/8,9.Jan 19, 2009 - April 8, 2009, no wind data due to sensor/wiring failure. Erroneous snow depth data output noted early 2009, Judd snowdepth sensor sent for repair October 2009. Recalibrated rain gages. Sporadic data gaps mid to end of Dec. 2010- Sporadic data gaps 7/23-8/3. 2011- no comments. operational. 2012- Data gaps 10/24-10/29. 2013- Data gap1/1, 1/9-1/12. Note rhime ice conditions result in non responsive wind sensors, Jan. Summer 2013 colocate new 034B Metone windset with existing. Wind data is comparable between the two sensors, existing and 034B. Recalibrated rain gages. 2014-2015 - 10x logger replaced with cr1000 logger 9/16/14. Data gap 9/16-9/21. Wind data corrections made 9/21-10/2. conversion to m/s from mph 9/21/2014 through 2015. 2016- sporadic gaps late jan - feb 19, low bat, program changes. Multiple program changes in 2016. Minor gaps occur at program changes. Hillslope pcp gage has failed, only ridge slope is available, provided as usual for this data set. Significant undercatch of snow suspected mid Feb through early March, also in December. This gage is also suspect for undercatch due to ridge-wind exposure and outdated sensing element. Occasional low-error values suspect in AirT and Rh March to early April, replaced by -6999 as error values. Added second wind sensor 034B on 9/29/16 due to suspect failure od RM Young wind direction. Wind speed for 2016 is sample value windspeed on the hour. Wind speed is measured in m/s for 2016 or converted to m/s from mph. Please inform us if analyses indicate otherwise. Existing solar and net radiation sensors removed 10/11/16, using existing 4 component solar radiometer for 2016, hrly avg values. 4 comp provides slightly higher netrad output compared to prior sensors, possibly higher shortwave in. 2017 - LDP precip DATA IS NOT BEING PUBLISHED w/ nodata values for 2/15-5/15 in DOI for 2017 DUE TO APPARENT POOR SENSOR PERFORMANCE. pcp processed via matlab filter. Bucket recharged Jan 3 and Feb 24th. Manual correction made for bulk catch Jan 11. After Jan 15th significant undercatch is suspected. Bucket undercatch suspect late April - mid May when bucket was at/near full. Snowdepth,RhT data indicate snowfall/pcp late April and early May. Ridge gage calibration places pcp at 0.96 of actual as of Aug 2017, indicating undercalculation of pcp during 2017. High noise levels occurred in the ridge pcp data November through early December. Matlab processing of the annual pcp data appears to have reasonably removed the Nov-Dec noise effects, similarly for late April - mid May for undercatch and/or erroneous results. The cumulative pcp result is under 800 mm, in contrast to over 800 mm expected relative to adjacent sites and historic hypsomentric behavior. Hillslope pcp gage is nonfunctional 2017. Dual wind sensors are in place, RM Young removed fall 2017. Wind data for 2017 is provided by the MetOne 034B, avg hrly data. 2018 - Pcp Notes:2/27 suspect undercatch of recent snowstorm w/ snow stuck in chimney. Early to mid Dec snowfall in gage is poorly captured. 12/13-Rain gage chimney was mostly full of snow, bucket half full and frozen. Removed snow and added antifrz. 12/20-bucket had thawed. Replaced w/ new recharged bucket. Manual corrections were made to the final matlab processed data for Dec based on total storm accumulations captured by the bucket. With matlab filtering and manual corrections, undercalculation of pcp is still likely due to typical bucket undercatch of snow. Program changes made at various times to accomplish consistency across met stations DCEW, esp for wind data. All data gap on 10/19. NOTE - December wind values are suspect due to rhime conditions. 2019 - Prior to 04/19/19 wind sensor data is invalid, program and wiring corrections made 4/19/19. Judd snow depth failures occur April and can be replaced w/ adjacent echo snowdepth data. Judd disabled for summer months. Soil temperature ref T fail April-July. GAPS OCCUR 4/19-4/22 2019, 6/23 1400.9/20-25 pgm change. Data gap 9/26-27, 2019. 11/18 pcp to qc. DECEMBER 2019 BEGIN SNOWEX TASKS. 2020 - No gaps. Wind data collection gap 9/16-10/1/2020. Late December wind sensor fail. 2021 - No gaps to 6/11/21. Pcp data from 6/11/21 (dump/recharge) to 7/31/21 1900 (dump/recharge) is suspect. NOTE: CURRENT YEAR DATA IS PROVISIONAL. All data sets may be error corrected at year-end. Precipitation data and snow data undergo smoothing and additional data filter processing at year end in contrast to raw data that may be published "realtime".